Modeling and Inference of Complementarity Mechanisms in Networks
https://events.library.ucdavis.edu/event/ns-2024-talk-kitsak
Presented by: Maksim Kitsak, Assistant Professor, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
Sponsored By: The Department of Computer Science
Host: Professor Raissa D'Souza
Abstract:
In many networks, including networks of protein-protein interactions, interdisciplinary collaboration networks, and semantic networks, connections are established between nodes with complementary rather than similar properties. What is complementarity?
The Oxford Dictionary asserts that "two people or things that are complementary are different but together form a useful or attractive combination of skills, qualities or physical features." Sadly, our understanding of complementarity in networks does not go far beyond definition. While complementarity is abundant in networks, we lack mathematical intuition and quantitative methods to study complementarity mechanisms in these systems. Instead, we routinely retreat to using available off-the-shelf methods developed in the first place for similarity-driven networks.
In my talk, I will discuss my group's recent achievements in the analysis of complementarity mechanisms in networks. I will first explain why existing similarity-based inference and learning methods are not readily applicable to systems where complementarity between interacting nodes plays a significant role. I will then deduce, starting with the definition by the Oxford Dictionary, a general complementarity framework for networks capable of describing any matching relations and containing both similarity and antitheses relations as special cases. Using the general framework, I will formulate a minimal null model to learn complementarity embeddings of real networks via maximum-likelihood estimation. I will demonstrate how complementarity embeddings can be used to infer both complementary and similar nodes in a network, enabling network inference tasks, such as link prediction and community detection. I will conclude my talk with an outlook on the interplay of similarity and complementarity in the formation of networks, arguing for for a careful re-evaluation of existing similarity-inspired methods.
Bio:
Maksim Kitsak is an Associate Professor of the Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science faculty of the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands. Prof. Kitsak has been working at the intersection of Network Theory, Machine Learning, and Statistical Physics. Prof. Kitsak is particularly interested in the fundamental principles behind non-Euclidean network embeddings and novel applications of network embeddings in communication and biological networks. His research is often published in prestigious journals, such as Nature and Science Families. Prof. Kitsak gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the National Science Foundation (NSF, USA), Army Research Office (ARO, USA), and the Dutch Research Council (NWO, NL).
1127
inperson
2024-10-31 15:10:00 -0700
2024-10-31 16:00:00 -0700
2024-10-31
2024-10-31
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Kemper Hall
Lectures, Seminars and Author Talks
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https://events.library.ucdavis.edu/event/ns-2024-talk-kitsak.ics
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